A construção e a transformação da paisagem urbana do centro histórico de Santa Cruz de Goiás: de Arraial a Vila, de Vila a cidade

Abstract

The Historical Center of Santa Cruz de Goiás, since its foundation, undergoes successive transformations. In the twentieth century, this process accelerates with the so-called modernizing interventions that disregard the pre-existences and the patrimony of the city. Trademarks of these actions are revealed by the replacement of their traditional colonial architecture. But in spite of this condition, its historical nucleus still retains traces of the past years, both from the earliest years of the formation of its urban center, and from the innovations of the nineteenth century, when the small village became Vila. In addition, these signs of the past can also be seen in their traditional festivals and religious events, such as the famous Cavalhadas and Santa Cruz Processions. The study of the landscape helps us to understand this transformative process. With regard to the socio-cultural dimension, it reveals the different actions built up over time, by the various actors. In this sense, the landscape, as the materialization of the various historical layers, can still raise questions concerning the memory of the city. This work understands the urban history of Santa Cruz de Goiás, from the consideration that its historical nucleus is a place of memory. It is defended that this region, even in the face of its innumerable interferences that promoted the erasure of historical records, still counts on the presence of material and immaterial fragments. This is because it is a place that still allows the memory of their different times and experiences, reflected in local customs, festive, cultural and religious celebrations