AS MÍDIAS DIGITAIS COMO INSTRUMENTOS CULTURAIS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL.

Abstract

The present work which is linked to the Research Line Educational Theories and Pedagogical Processes of the Program of Postgraduate in Education of the PUC Goiás University investigated the children s digital practices, comprehending these kids under the perspective of the historical-cultural approach, taking them as concrete agents which give form to their humanity in the relations established in their social-historical-cultural context. The guide-question of the research was: what are the forms of appropriation of the digital media performed by children aged 4 to 5 years old. The specific objectives were: identifying their technical domain, as well as the finalities of the using of digital media by these kids, and also comprehending how do the media can be integrated into the child s process of development, as being cultural tools of learning. For such a thing, it was made a qualitative research, which was developed in two steps. The first one consisted in a review of the bibliography concerning the theme, and the second one was an empirical research which was executed in two public kindergartens. The data was collected by the observations of the activities developed in the computer lab and in some pedagogical workshops, through the using of different digital artefacts. The research s subjects were children aged 4 to 5 years old and enrolled in these institutions. The research was based in the assumptions of the Historical-Cultural Theory, based in the studies of Vygotsky (2007), Leontiev (1988), Pino (2005), Freitas (2012), Libâneo (2005), Freitas (2009), Duarte (2001) and Wertsch (1998), as well as in the theoretical approaches which analyse the relations between the subjects and the Technologies of Information and Communication (TIC), substantiated in the studies of Belloni (2010), Cardon (2005) and Peixoto (2008). The data analysis was executed in a qualitative approach, taking as the epistemological base the theoretical referential which was adopted and also the social-historical-cultural reality of those children. The data showed that the digital media s appropriations performed by the children are all directly linked to their real living conditions, so these data cannot be realised under a determinist perspective.