A PARTICIPAÇÃO DAS CRIANÇAS NA RODA DE CONVERSA: POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES DA AÇÃO EDUCATIVA E PEDAGÓGICA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL.

Abstract

This work has as study object the participation of children in conversation circles in the context of early childhood education and seeks to elucidate it from the following key questions: What are the forms and meanings of childrens participation in the conversation wheel? You can see changes in the educational and pedagogical action from what children bring to the conversation on the wheel? The objective is to recognize elements and strategies that enable and - or limit the participation of children at these times. Authors such as Gaitán, Hart, Fernandes, Espinar, Sarmento and Coutinho are taken as references to studies and research. Despite numerous possibilities of understanding on the participation of children in the conversation wheel, here it is taken as a place that allows the political and educational participation of these subjects. An analysis of academic productions was performed (theses and dissertations) entered in the CAPES thesis database in the last five years in order to meet the Brazilian productions on the subject. In the field research, according to pre-established criteria, we tried to observe the participation of children of four (4) years of age in times of conversation wheel, made from the conduct of teachers, in five (5) Municipal Centres Education Infantil - CMEI - the city of Goiania. In total documented nineteen (19) times through filmic records. There were also interviews with professionals. To achieve the set goals, we proceeded to the analysis of the contents in the light of the theoretical framework of Historical and Dialectical Materialism, which is based on discussions of human production and its constituent links in history, the movement, the class contradictions and action - activity among humans. The results of this research indicated the conversation wheel as a highly instrumented activity and organized from adult conceptions, with regard to the routine and living together. The chapters of the dissertation discourse on issues that, articulated and located in the historical, social and cultural context, give texture to the proposed theme. The discussions of the chapters are as themed: childhood, child rights and child participation; political and pedagogical importance of participation in the conversation wheel; between children and adults: the role on the wheel; possibilities and limits of participation of children in the conversation runs on Early Childhood contexts. The research enabled us to understand aspects of the meaning and significance of participation in this educational activity performed in daily life of the institutions and their role in educational practice.