PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL: DIAGNÓSTICO DE PROBLEMAS E AÇÕES DE MUDANÇAS COM BASE NO EXAME NACIONAL DE ENSINO MÉDIO

Abstract

The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the process of improving teaching and learning of how to produce a dissertational-argumentative text according to ENEM demands. It is based on Bakhtin s theory of dialogism (1988, 1997, 1998 and 2003) and other authors who focused on text production in the teaching of Portuguese, such as Antunes (2005, 2006 and 2007) and Marcuschi (2008). Why do the majority of school-leavers at Colégio Estadual Ângelo Urzêda have difficulties when interpreting and producing written texts? Can their difficulties be explained by the methodology used in the Portuguese language class which favors normative teaching rather that the ENEM didactic proposal which takes into account the five competencies when reading and producing texts? ENEM results show up student reading and writing problems. There is a general complaint from teachers of all subjects about the students disinterest and lack of quality in writing and reading interpretation. The Portuguese language teacher is indicated as the only person responsible for solving the problem. On analyzing certain school documents, it could be seen that curricular synthesis and the pedagogical policy project are not consonant with the pedagogical proposals of the PCNEM or ENEM, since neither school nor classroom practice would seem to reflect the set of competencies suggested by MEC: 1) show mastery of the cultural norms of written language; 2) understand the proposal of the composition and use concepts from the different areas of knowledge to develop the theme, within the structural limits of the dissertational-argumentative text; 3) select, relate, organize and interpret information, facts, opinions and arguments to defend a point of view; 4) show knowledge of the linguistic mechanism necessary to build the argument; 5) draw up an intervention proposal for the problem being treated, while respecting human rights. The main aim of this research was to analyze how the process of teaching and learning to produce a dissertational-argumentative text was undertaken in Grade 3A Colégio Estadual Ângelo Urzêda during 2008. Its specific aim was to identify the difficulties which have led to the success or lack thereof in the process of teaching and learning of reading and writing of high school leavers. This study is a qualitative type case-study, situated in the field of Education. It belongs to the field of Language and the Portuguese language and the discussion on the data collected seeks understanding within Bakhtinian dialogism.