Aldeia Juvenil: duas décadas de contraposição à cultura da institucionalização de crianças e adolescentes pobres em Goiás

Abstract

This work intended to study the Project Aldeia Juvenil (PAJ) since its creation in 1983, until its transformation into Centro de Estudo, Pesquisa e Extensão Aldeia Juvenil (CEPAJ) in 1990, denomination which is maintained until the present time. It brings in its two decades of existence marks of transformation and fights that revealed the historical implications of a construction process in which it was put in the counterpoint of the poor children and adolescents' institutionalization culture in the State of Goiás. In order to understand the way that culture was materialized in our society, it was necessary to go through the history of Brazilian childhood and adolescence. In order to do it, a careful bibliographical revision about the historical course of the children and adolescents institutionalization in Brazil was made, highlighting the way this process went on settling in our culture. As one goes through the paths of the attention destined to poor children and adolescents, objective conditions of walking for the trails of the Brazilian historicity were created, movement that drove us to the way this process was constituted in the State of Goiás. Therefore, it was possible to discover the facet that Minor s Well-being National Politics was made official in Goiás, settling through Febem, which represented the capillary system, maintainer of the attention net to the minor that settled down in all national territory. In Goiás, its materialization occurred in a totalitarian institution, denominated Centro de Observaçao e Orientaçao Juvenil (COOJ), which used a corrective-punitive model from 1972 to 1986. In that period, the Code of Minors of 1927 and 1979 was in validity and it was based on the irregular situation that conceived the illustration of the minor , stigma and prejudice impregnated term against poor people s children. It was in that scenery, that the Project Aldeia Juvenil entered, indeed, in the fight and defense for poor children and adolescent s social justice in the State of Goiás and initiating in this period the attendance in open environment of the minor infractors . The work was developed gradually, and as it grew, the actions widening occurred, making it become a Study and Research Center, remaining itself attached to the extension of Universidade Católica de Goiás, qualifying day-by-day actions that had contributed and contribute for the strengthening of knowledge and attendance directed to the segment of Brazilian childhood and adolescence. Finally Project Aldeia Juvenil/Centro de Estudo, Pesquisa e Extensão Aldeia Juvenil, when opposing the culture of children and adolescent s institutionalization, revealed an universe of themes that permanently challenge and question the society and its institutions in their conceptions and forms of relating to the child and the adolescent as a concrete social being. After that, the Center of Study continues evolved in that permanent and updated dialogue of demands that appear nowadays, as well as the traces of a time that didn't pass and is still ruled in the inequality that promotes violence, present theme since a long time in that age group life of which Aldeia Juvenil is in charge of.