A Reforma Psiquiátrica e Relações de Poder: significados apreendidos entre os trabalhadores de Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) em Goiânia

Abstract

This work is linked to the Program for Post-graduate Stricto-Sensu of the Catholic University of Goiás, MA in Psychology, and has as an object of study the meanings of the process of Psychiatric Reform for the workers of the Psychosocial Center of Attention (PCA) in Goiania. The survey was developed in a PCA of Goiânia, with the workers of the unit. Three procedures were used to receive the information: desk research; recordings of three meetings of the team, and a focal group with the workers and coordinators. The analysis had as a benchmark the Socio-Historical Theory of Vigotski, which attaches as constitutive of the human condition the ability of social meaning, and understand the meanings as containing the historical experience of several generations, and also the work already undertaken and research on the process of Psychiatric Reform. With the bibliographic lifting became clear that the discussions and reflections refer to the need to transform a model of attention to mental health, as opposed to a traditional model that was established long time ago and that still is hegemonic in the area of health. It marked the need to expand the social space of the person with mental suffering and to understand this process by dialectic inclusion / exclusion. The analysis of the speeches of workers presented contradictory, tense and conflictive meanings. It defined the collisions that emerge from searches for transformation of the model of attention to mental health and made possible the seizure of the nuclei of significance that is marked by confrontations and contradictions in the knowing and making of the Psychiatric Reform. The analysis brought as a point of intersection among all the nuclei of significance seized, the relationships of power that cross the spheres involved in the process of reform. It raises points of weakness of this reform, when presented the confrontation of theoretical guidelines for the processing of the type of attention to mental health with the guidelines of the policy reform, as policy of state, and with the practices in substitutive services. Whereas all collisions are reflections of their own historical and social condition of the subject, the lack of exercise of social participation and heteronomy, there is a discussion on the need to rethink the reform, since the changes, are focused in practice , in the construction of a plan of action for the policy, and shows collisions and conflicts are typical of the exercise of power and domination that the social structures construct.