AVALIAÇÃO DAS ATIVIDADES ANTINOCICEPTIVA, ANTIINFLAMATÓRIA E ANTIPIRÉTICA DO EXTRATO HIDROALCOÓLICO BRUTO DE Cochlospermum regium (Mart & Schrank) Pilger EM RATOS

Abstract

The use of plants for prevention or treatment of diseases have been carried out by mankind from earliest times and transmitted over generations. Scientific studies have been conducted to validate the information concerning the popular use of medicinal plants. From surveys ethnopharmacology you can reduce the time and expense in research and development of new drugs. In 2003, Andrade and colleagues identified plants with medicinal use in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, pre-selected by means of data obtained by the Forest Biodiversity Project, conducted by UNITINS / Ministry of Health / Ministry of the Environment and made available by the FMT / UNITINS. From this survey we selected Cochlospermum regium (Mart & Schrank) Pilger, known commonly as Algodãozinho-do-campo , which promotes, in the studied population, anti-inflammatory (main), analgesic and antipyretic activity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity of a crude hydroalcoholic extract (EHA) of the roots of Cochlospermum regium (Mart & Schrank) Pilger in rats by means of the formalin test, the paw edema induced by carrageenan and fever induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The oral administration of EHA produced significant antinociceptive effect in a dose-dependent for both phases of nociception induced by formalin, and yet more effective in the first phase of this model (inhibition of 36% and 57% for doses of 640 and 1280 mg / kg, respectively). The antiinflammatory activity of EHA was confirmed in the model of paw edema induced by carrageenan since our results showed that the EHA reduced dose-dependent manner of the edema of paw induced by intraplantar administration of carrageenan in rats. The doses of 640 and 1280 mg / kg of extract inhibited 22.5% and 36.2%, respectively, the formation of edema three hours after the injection of inflammatory stimulus. It was possible to verify that the EHA, the dose of 1280 mg / kg, inhibited the febrile response induced by LPS. The inhibition occurred from the 2nd hour after administration of LPS and continued throughout the observation period, with maximum inhibition of 0.7 º C between 2 h and 3 h. These results contribute to the scientific validation of its use popular, and show real possibilities for this plant as a source of principle (s) active (s), the search depth can lead to the discovery of a new and better therapeutic alternative to the pathological states of inflammation , pain and fever. Thus it is necessary to carry out additional experiments to isolate and characterize the chemical constituents and especially to better clarify the mechanisms of action involved in activities analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory as well as studies of toxicity and safety.