DIVERSIDADE E ESTRUTURA GENÉTICA DE Tibouchina papyrus (MELASTOMATACEAE) BASEADO EM REGIÕES NÃO CODIFICANTES DO DNA CLOROPLASTIDIAL

Abstract

Tibouchina papyrus (Melastomataceae) is an endemic tree of cerrado rupestre, restricted to Serra Dourada (SD) and Pirineus (SP), in Goiás, and Natividade (NT) in Tocantins. This work s objective was to study the variability and genetic structure of T. papyrus, based on the polymorphism of non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. We sampled 16 individuals in six subpopulations of T. papyrus in three localities of occurrence. The individuals were sequenced for the intergenic regions psbA/trnH, trnC/ycf6 and trnS/trnG, whose fragments were 268pb, 294pb and 580pb, respectively. For the 96 individuals studied, we found 11 different haplotypes for the three sequenced regions combined. Serra Dourada showed a higher genetic diversity (h = 0.837; = 0.0012 ± 0.0008), followed by Pirineus (h = 0.762, = 0.0012 ± 0.0009) and Natividade (h = 0.591, = 0,0013 ± 0.0009). Network program analysis showed groups geographically distinct, no sharing of haplotypes between localities, and the analysis of variance showed a high differentiation between subpopulations (!ST = 0.684; p <0.001), with the largest variation occurring between populations (68.39% AMOVA). There is no sign of recent retraction in populations size followed by expansion (Tajima D and Mismatch Distribution). Despite the high genetic diversity shown in this study, the populations of T. papyrus probably are historically isolated and its expansion is restricted by the distribution of favorable habitat, which represents a risk to long-term persistence of populations.