IMPORTÂNCIA DO HPV NO CARCINOMA DO COLO UTERINO E A ASSOCIAÇÃO COM O POLIMORFISMO R72P DO GENE TP53 E A RADIOTERAPIA

Abstract

Persistent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) high risk, is the most important risk factor for development of cervical cancer. However, only high risk HPV types are associated with cancer. This ability carcinogenic due to interaction between HPV E6 protein with p53 protein, considered the main event of this process of tumor development. The present study evaluated the genotypes of HPV; Sequencing of the fragment coding the polymorphism Arg72Pro TP53, the association of these factors together with the radiosensitivity of patients with cervical cancer in selected Radiotherapy Service, Hospital Jorge Araujo, the ACCG. Twenty-seven patients with cervical cancer referred for radiotherapy were selected for this prospective study. DNA was extracted from cells harvested with cervical squamous cytobrush. Was performed HPV genotyping by reverse hybridization and evaluation of the presence of TP53 polymorphism was performed by sequencing of fragment Arg72Pro. Data were evaluated according to the average age, level of differentiation do tumor, clinical stage of the tumor and the incidence of side effects according to the criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. The mean age of patients was 54 years (± 16.3). The incidence of acute side effects (RTOG) were reactions in the lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT): grade 0-1 (59.6%) and ≥ grade 2 (40.4%); reactions tract genitourinary (TGU): degree 0-1 (86.4%) and ≥ grade 2 (13.6%). The degree of acute toxicity TGI ≥ 2 was related to the age where the patients ≥ 50 years old, had a relative risk of 1.8 times greater (1.1 - 2.8; 95%) of radiosensitivity and infection with multiple HPV types, a relative risk 2.6 times higher (0.8 to 8.2, 95% CI). Therapeutic response after two months of treatment: 16 (59.3%) patients with complete remission, seven (25.9%) with active disease / death. The presence of HPV was observed in 26 (96.3%) patients, HPV genotype was more prevalent HPV 16 (61.5%), followed by HPV 52 (19.2%) and HPV 18 (11.5% ). Infection of a single HPV type was observed in 19 (73.1%) and seven (26.9%) had more than one HPV genotype. We observed the presence of genotype Arg / Arg in eight (33.3%), Arg / Pro in 15 (62.5%) and Pro / Pro in one (4.2%). Patients with genotype (Arg / Arg) had a higher risk of having multiple virus infection (RR = 1.77, 1.15 to 2.73, p = 0.04). And this multiple coinfection with an increased risk of severe acute radiosensitivity in the GIT, with a relative risk of 2.6 times greater (p=0,03).