ALTERAÇÕES GENÔMICAS NO GENE PTEN EM PACIENTES COM ADENOCARCINOMA DE PRÓSTATA EM GOIÂNIA.

Abstract

The use of molecular markers has contributed to the identification of genes and chromosomal alterations in different stages of a given disease can result in a huge breakthrough in determining its pathophysiology. The proposed study focuses his attention on becoming more accessible and understandable for doctors and patients to laboratory diagnostic tools for prostate cancer and socialize them in health promotion. The aim of this study was to understand how loss / gain genomic PTEN is associated with prostate cancer. Changes of the PTEN gene were evaluated in 38 cases of patients with prostate cancer and the fluorescent signals for each probe were counted in 100 interphase nuclei per slide, no overlapping and intact. The occurrence of genomic alterations in PTEN were examined and classified as homozygous , hemizigose , monosomy, gain and loss regions of chromosome 10. The study demonstrated a high rate of monosomic alterations, 76.3% of cases, and hemizigose deletions represented 21.1%, while the gain of chromosome 10 was 2.6%. In the group of patients, 5.2% were hereditary, 36.8% were sporadic and 57.9% family and for all these groups we found alterations in the PTEN gene. The results of this study indicate that homozygous, hemizigose, monosomy and gain of PTEN gene can be observed in patients with sporadic, familial or hereditary prostate carcinoma. To evaluate and compare the variable smoking and changes in the PTEN gene, we observed a high rate of change in smokers , and who smoke have up to 5.7 times to acquire monosomic alterations ( p = 0.0495 ) , showing a significant association between smoking and monosomic alterations. There was no statistically significant association when comparing drinkers patients with alterations in PTEN (p = 0.52 ) , PSA levels x PTEN ( p = 0.58 ) and PSA x age ( p = 0.68 ). The FISH tool allowed the analysis clearly and effectively of the alterations, demonstrating the reliability of this technique for reading the fluorescent signs in each cell.