ANÁLISE DAS ASSOCIAÇÕES ENTRE OS ALELOS HLA DRB1*1501 E DQB1*0602 E A ESCLEROSE MÚLTIPLA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA E META-ANÁLISE.

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, characterized by demyelination and neuronal degeneration, a major cause of disability in young. Subjects an autoimmune response against neuronal auto antigen, with destruction of the myelin sheath, is observed in individuals with genetic predisposition exposed to certain environmental factors. Among the genetic factors, studies suggest a complex interaction between the alleles of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0602) and the risk of developing the disease. The allele DRB1 * 1501 was associated with the disease in Caucasian patients in North America and Northern Europe, and the DQB1*0602 allele in Caucasians of Northern Europe and African descendant. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies that investigated the contribution of DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0602 in the risk of developing MS in different populations of the world. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on the main publications in the electronic database of PubMed, by using the terms "HLA" "MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS", "DR" "DQ" and "HLA" "MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS" and "BRAZIL "resulting in a total of 181 articles. After reading the articles, 18 met the inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Based on the results it was possible to conclude that the two alleles are more common in MS patients than in controls, with the allele DRB1*1501 more frequent in European and Caucasian populations and the DQB1 * 0602 with a distribution more heterogeneous in populations. The results obtained by the meta-analysis showed a statistically significant association between DRB1 * 1501 and DQB1 * 0602 allele and the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (OR combined DRB1 * 1501 = 2.934, 95% CI: 2.154 to 3.998, p <0, 0001 and DQB1 * 0602 combined OR = 2.906, 95% CI: 2.167 to 3.896, p <0.0001).