A GEOPOLÍTICA E A INDÚSTRIA FARMACÊUTICA: INSERÇÃO DO BRASIL, CHINA E ÍNDIA.

Abstract

This dissertation discusses the international geopolitics from the inclusion of the pharmaceutical industry in Brazil, India and China. The pharmaceutical industry has established itself internationally from the Second World War, with the marketing of penicillin. It was from 1945 that there was a reconfiguration of this sector at the international level with the presence of the United States, from strategic alliances between the pharmaceutical industry, universities and new research centers specialized in genetic engineering and biotechnology. The strengthening of the global pharmaceutical industry occurred from the TRIPs agreement, which allowed the basis of large multinational companies. From this agreement Brazil is repositioned in the international pharmaceutical industry, with the production of generic drugs, however, with significant technological dependence both for the importation of active pharmaceutical ingredients, and biotechnology-based drugs. The Indian pharmaceutical industry has developed through import restrictions, and reverse engineering in the production of drugs, but with special attention to the production of active ingredients pharmaceutical chemicals. The inclusion of China in the global pharmaceutical market occurred from the import and copies of reference drug products; currently leads the production and export of active pharmaceutical ingredients, as well as stand out as a pole of attraction for multinationals, both for the production of reference drugs such as generics.