PECUÁRIA BOVINA DE CORTE EM GOIÁS (1940 - 2009)

Abstract

This dissertation has as main theme the analysis and the paper carried out by the bovine livestock of cut, in the territorial formation and in the productive structure of the economy of the state of Goiás. Initially, the analysis will concentrate on the historical formation of the state, I gave pari passu to the evolution of goiana ´s farming, exactly because for many years the agriculture and the livestock doesn't have being seen as in an isolated way. In the cattle farms they worked so much with the extensive livestock, as the subsistence agriculture, forming an only productive compound. It will be analyzed as it felt its formation, the structuring, the modernization and regional economical dynamics of the farming of the State. In a second moment, the historical path of the bovine livestock will be sketched in Goiás. Beginning with the arrival of the first animals in the second decade of the century XVIII; the growth and diversification of the flock; going through the modernization of production manners and its position in the national context. Finally we will give prominence to the bovine livestock of cut in Goiás, since the beginning of its commercial organization in the decade of 40 of the century XX, when the state of Goiás, together with Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais and São Paulo, they founded Brazil Headquarters' Cattle Federation, until the present time. The manners of organization of the production will be analyzed, the cares that the goianos ´ producers adopt in the phases of it creates, it recreates and fattening of the animals in their several modalities, the production, commercialization and the refrigerating structure installed in the state of Goiás. In our conception, in spite of, in most of the territorial and economical formation of Goiás, the bovine livestock of cut didn't occupy central paper in the productive structure, however, it carried out central function in the growth and economical development of the state. Initially, as activity of sustentation of the economical growth, like it use to be during the cycle of the mining. With the decadence of the mining period, the activity cattle farmer assumes the centralization in the economical dynamics until the first half of the century XX. Starting from the second half of the referred century, the priority started to be the production of grains. However, the bovine livestock of cut composes the goiana´s productive structure, supplying the internal market, as generating exchange value through export. It stands out, also, at the present time, its function of sustentation of the industrial activity of the state.