Perfil epidemiológico e demográfico dos casos de dengue em Goiânia - Goiás, numa série histórica de 2001 a 2009.

Abstract

Dengue is a major re-emerging diseases in the world, provided mainly by environmental and economic changes in the social space organized. With increasing national incidence of severe forms and deaths, it is necessary to better understand the real magnitude of the disease at the local level, aiming to characterize the demographic distribution of dengue cases in the city of Goiânia, from 2001 to 2009. This is a descriptive and transversal epidemiological study whose data were provided by the Department of Epidemiology Municipal Health Secretariat of Goiânia, and extracted the information about the variables of the form of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases. In the analyzed period were 124,629 dengue cases reported, affecting more females, caucasians, living in urban areas with the highest incidence in age from 15 to 24 years (p<0.001). During the study period, was identified the three serotypes DENV 1, DENV 3 and DENV 2, the latter being identified in all the years of the series, alternating with the other. There was no preference for a particular serotype of gender, race and age of infected individuals. Of 124,629 cases of dengue, 4.4% required hospitalization with greater involvement of the age group 5- 14 years (p=0.04), those with a more favorable course of the disease, unlike the hospitalized population over 55 years whose mortality rate was above 5.6% (p=0.04). The DENV serotype 2 was most related to the infections that led to hospitalization (p<0.001). Goiânia is figured as an urban center with a high incidence of dengue in all years of the series, especially in 2008 when they accounted for 36.6% of all reported cases and 75% of deaths in the Midwest. The dengue fever was the most prevalent clinical form (99.7%). Cases with complications (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome), had increasing reports since the beginning of the series, especially in the years 2008 and 2009, occurred when recirculation of DENV 1 and DENV 2, respectively, also providing a high case fatality. The spatial distribution of deaths from dengue in Goiânia, showed that the administrative districts of Campinas and the Centre had the highest prevalence (22.2% and 17.1%) respectively.