CARACTERÍSTICAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS RELACIONADAS AOS CASOS DE DENGUE DIAGNOSTICADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CUIABÁ - MATO GROSSO, 2007 A 2011.

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is one of the arboviruses that mostly affects people worldwide, with its early diagnosis and treatment being necessary to avoid complications that may lead to death. Objective: Describe cases of dengue as per demographic aspects; analyze the evolution of morbimortality in the cases of dengue reported and describe the spatial distribution of deaths by dengue. Methodology: Descriptive analytical study using a cross-sectional retrospective design with cases of dengue reported in the municipality of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso state, between 2007 and 2011. Data were obtained in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN, as per its acronym in Portuguese), whose access was provided by the Epidemiological Surveillance Department of the City Health Department of Cuiabá. The cases of dengue were classified as classic and severe dengue. The criterion adopted to confirm the cases of classic dengue was clinical/epidemiological/laboratorial and severe cases had only laboratorial confirmation. Results: A total of 18,497 cases of dengue were diagnosed in Cuiabá. Among these, 98.6% (p<0.01) occurred in the urban area. Women were more affected by dengue (53.0%) (p<0.01). The most affected age range was between 5 and 14 years (25.09%) (p<0.01). Among the 18,497 cases of dengue, 18,021 (97.50%) evolved to the classic form, 476 (2.58%) to the severe form (p<0.01) and 19 (0.1%) to death. The year of 2009 showed the greatest prevalence of the classic (62.16%) and the severe (1.94%) forms of dengue. This period also showed a greater prevalence of deaths (p=0.95), a higher number of hospitalized patients for both clinical forms of the disease (p=0.83), as well as a greater coefficient of the incidence of dengue in its severe form (2,178/100,000 inhabitants) and a greater coefficient of mortality (2.4/100,000 inhabitants). The greatest prevalence of hospitalizations due to severe cases of dengue was observed in the age range between 5 and 14 years, however, the highest rate of mortality occurred in children under one year of age and in adults aged between 55 and 64 years. The greatest prevalence of deaths by dengue occurred in the south region of the city (31.58%). Conclusion: The urban zone was the place with the greatest prevalence of dengue cases and women were more affected. The age range between 5 and 14 years was more affected by the disease, with higher rates of hospitalization (p=0.83) and mortality (p=0.95). During the studied years, with exception for 2008, the prevalence of the clinical forms of dengue was found to be dependent on the age range (p<0.01). The analysis of the incidence of the clinical forms of dengue by age range, separately, revealed that children under one year of age, between 1-4 years, 15-24 years and 55-64 years are independent on the year of evaluation (p>0.05); and the others are dependent (p<0.01). The classic form of dengue had a greater prevalence in all age ranges. The greatest prevalence of deaths by dengue occurred in the south region of Cuiabá (31.58%). A migration is observed in the changes of epidemiological profile of the morbimortality by dengue for both clinical forms of the disease. The year of 2009 was atypical, which is probably associated to an epidemic.