QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PORTADORES DE DOENÇA FALCIFORME DE UMA MICRORREGIÃO DO SUDOESTE BAIANO.

Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a suite of different genotypes characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S, recognized as a chronic disease. Complications of SCD entail major negative impact on the quality of life of its carriers. Objective: This study had as main objective evaluate the quality of life of sickle cell disease carriers of the micro-region of Guanambi Bahia, attended by the Sickle Cell Program. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, spatial and analytical study was carried out in the microregion of Guanambi, Bahia, in the period between February to May 2015. The survey included 20 patients with SCD and 40 individuals without SCD. The data were collected by a structured interview with information to assess the socio-demographic and economic characteristics. The quality of life related to health was assessed by the SF- 36 and WHOQOL-BREF instruments. The statistical analysis of data were performed by the Program Bioestat 5.0. The significance level was 0.05. Results: The average age of patients with SCD was 32.7 (± 18.8) years old and those without SCD 29.3 (± 15.7) years old. The two groups had a median income of 788 reals. The results revealed that SCD patients are in dark and brown skin majority and that the level of education is lower when compared with participants without SCD. According to the SF- 36 questionnaire, the evaluation has shown that the limitation of functional capacity in patients with SCD is larger, with higher physical limitations. The emotional aspect and mental health suffer major negative impact on quality of life of patients with SCD. The physical aspects become more committed when correlated with older age. The evaluation of the domains of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire among participants with SCD and without SCD, showed differences only in the physical domains and overall quality of life. When correlated the domains of SF-36 questionnaire with the domains of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, did not show significant associations between the domains of the two instruments. Conclusion: Participants with SCD suffer large negative impact on quality of life, pointing out the importance of analyzing the quality of life by showing that it interferes and is also influenced by the patient s health.