ANÁLISE DOS METAIS PESADOS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O MEIO AMBIENTE E A SAÚDE NA BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO ANICUNS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the alterations in the heavy metals concentration levels in water and sediment samples, in the Anicuns watershed, in Goiânia GO. A survey of the most important anthropogenic contamination sources in this environment was accomplished. For the best development of field activities and analyses results the study was divided into three steps: 1- The situation diagnosis of Anicuns watershed and the sampling field mapping; 2- Water and sediment sample collecting for the analyses of the chemical elements; 3 Geochemistry analyzes and the discussion of the multielements associations of sediment phase 1, phase 2 and water. The methodology used in order to determine the multielements concentration was ICP-OES. From these results the data went through a statistical treatment, and them the matrices correlations and the geochemical maps. Considering the sediments, the results have showed chemical elements alterations in the following sampling points: 1) Phase 1; in the drainage of Cpaim Puba (CF-S-067) and Botafo (CF-S-068) streams, the elements Cu, Zn, Cd, Tl, Sr, Ca, K, Hg, Cs, were found in Vaca Brava (CF-S-061) and Cascavel (CF-S-062) streams, the Cs; 2) Phase 2, in the points at São José farm (LMS-004), the elements Nb, V, Fe, B, Ti, Te, Co, Zn and La; at Anicuns stream/bridge at Anhaguera Avenue (LMS-013), Nb, V, Fe and B; at the Anicuns stream bridge/ Criméia Oeste (LMS-018), Ti, Te, Co, Sn and Sr, and in Capim Puba stream drainage (LMS-022, LMS-023, LMS-024), the elements Sr, Fe, B, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Ba; 3) About the water, in the drainages of Meia Ponte river (LMS-020), in Capim Puba stream and at the bridge in Criméia Oeste, the elements Si, Ca, Mg and Bi were found. Considering the field observations, the sampling points which are located furthest from the spring show a bigger urban agglomeration what, consequenthy, increase the environmental impacts caused by human action.