A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS FATORES DE RISCO NA OBSTRUÇÃO DAS ARTÉRIAS CORONÁRIAS UTILIZANDO TÉCNICAS DE MINERAÇÃO DE DADOS

Abstract

The cardiovascular diseases have a great relevance concerning the process of world morbimortality and the coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the main important representative disease of this group, with significant epidemiological data on the nosological process and deaths. The risk factors of this disease have been studied for years and the Framingham Study is one of the responsible for pointing out the major cardiovascular risk factors. Based upon these cardiovascular risk factors of Framingham, this study had the objective of identifying and analyzing the major cardiovascular risk factors and their association presented in patients with coronary artery obstruction in the period of August 2008 November 2008 at the Monte Sinai Hospital, utilizing statistical techniques and data mining. The sample of this survey resulted from interviewing 85 patients with coronary artery disease using a closed form to collect sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, clinical history, anthropometric data and procedures. In order to achieve the goals a tool known as Weka® was used to analyze and provide the data collect through the data mining association method. It has been found that the prevalence regarding cardiovascular risk factors of greater scope were: high-fat diet (83.5%), sedentarism (77.7%), tabagism (74.1%), stress presence (77.7%), hypercholesterolemy (63.6%), hypertension (85.9%), family hypercholesterolemy (70.6%), family hypertension (96.5%) and family CAD (69,4%). In comparison with the work from the CARMENT initiatives and the Center-West Project, it was possible to observe that the risk factors such as hypertension, tabagism and hypercholesterolemy appear with much higher values making it possible to identify a correlation between these risk factors and the disease. It has been also found that some factors resemble close relationship among each other in terms of association. As a result of this association it was found that the hypercholesterolemy, hypertension and high-fat diet are variables that appeared interconnected among themselves several times and risk factors that had connection with other risk factors, confirming its relevance to the CAD. It is perceived that is very important investigate further the cardiovascular risk factors in several communities in order to determine the different profiles and the real risk factors that contribute the of CAD.