PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS AOS AFASTAMENTOS POR LICENÇA MÉDICA DOS SERVIDORES DE UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO.

Abstract

The lack of health professionals at work is of concern because it has a direct influence on the work of health professionals and the quality of care provided to patients. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence and factors associated with absenteeism due to sick leave for treatment of health of federal employees of a university hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013, in an official medical expertise service, responsible for the care of the servers in the approval of sick leave. The population consisted of all hospital servers and the sample, the servers that were absent from work and attended the service expertise to deliver medical certificate to justify its shortcomings. Were presented the demographic and occupational characteristics of the population and calculated the prevalence of licenses by chapters of ICD-10, according to sex, the duration of episodes and the professional category. The Odds Ratios (OR) crude and adjusted by multivariate logistic regression analysis were calculated with confidence intervals of 95% (95%). The level of significance was set at 5% (α = 0.05). Of the 846 active employees, 223 (26.3%) were absent from work in 597 episodes license for health treatment (LTS), which resulted in 11,623 days of absence. The predominance of LTS was identified among women (88.3%), living with a partner (52.0%), high school (65.9%), in the positions of technicians and nursing assistants (71.3%) with capacity in inpatient units (39.0%) and service life> 10 years (54.7%). The overall prevalence of licenses for females was (30.6%) and males (12.9%), and the groups of diseases most prevalent mental and behavioral disorders (20.9%) and musculoskeletal diseases (16.8%). It was found that in the short-term leave, prevalent diseases of the musculoskeletal system (43.6%) and in the medium and long term, with mental disorders (26.7%) and (44.0%) respectively. As the number of licenses by groups of diseases, mental and behavioral disorders accounted for 177 (29.6%) episodes, which caused 5,688 (48.9%) days of absence and the musculoskeletal system diseases, 142 (23.8% ) LTS generated episodes of 1.340 days in the absence (11.5%). Multivariate analysis showed significant association between LTS and the female variables (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.6), and professional technicians & nurses (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1 , 7 to 7.3). The overall prevalence of disease was (70.6%). The female and the professional nursing technicians category are associated with higher absence rates at work. The results provide important data on the illness s profile and enable the planning of actions to reduce absenteeism rates and improve the quality of working life.