RELAÇÃO DO POLIMORFISMO DO GENE TP53 NO CÓDON 72 COM CÂNCER DE MAMA: UMA ATUALIZAÇÃO DE METANÁLISE (2002-2015)

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most frequent in the world and Brazilian women, except for cases of skin cancer nonmelanoma. It is a complex disease that has no single cause, results from the interaction of multiple risk factors (environmental, hormonal, lifestyle) with an individual genome (Pruthi et al., 2007). Polymorphism of codon 72 of TP53 gene is well studied because of the impact on the coding sequence of the gene is also associated with increased risk for the development of some cancers. The TP53 polymorphism in exon 4 of the 72 codon results in the substitution of arginine (Arg) or proline (Pro), which may encode an arginine (p53Arg) or a proline (p53Pro). This is a job that made the update meta-analysis on the association between the R72P polymorphism of the TP53 gene in patients with breast cancer considering a broad sample obtained from studies with conflicting data, making a statistical method that combines results of relevant studies to answer a question, search available evidence and points out the areas where there is need for more research. After search of the articles surveyed in multiple databases were selected for performing the metaanalysis a total of 47 articles totaling 27,068 cases and 28,065 controls. The organization of the articles was according to the year of publication, covering studies from 2002 to 2015. The results found worldwide about codon 72 polymorphism in p53 are quite conflicting, suggesting that it is due to ethnic and geographic factors that impact each continent evident. Although several studies show the wide variety can occur between genotypes and codon 72 alleles, identifying significant results for Arg / Arg genotype and allele arginine suggesting that this meta-analysis corroborates for therapies, diagnostics and more studies in this area.