Relações socioeconômicas e ambientais no cerrado: o cenário goiano

Abstract

The Cerrado is the second largest biome in South America, occupies 22% of the country, with an area of 2,036,448 km2. Human occupation in the Cerrado occurred in three historical moments, resulting in different levels of anthropogenic pressure on the biome, from pre-Columbian period to the early twenty-first century, when the economic exploitation carried out by agribusiness reaches the intense and continuous use of resources natural. Currently about 70% of this area is devastated and / or occupied by pastures and crops. Goiás is the only Brazilian state that has its limits entirely within this biome. Faced with this reality, this study sought to examine the relationship between socioeconomic and environmental factors in the Cerrado, considering the state of Goiás and identify relationships between economic indicators, environmental factors and the Human Development Index (HDI) in the State of Goiás. The analysis of socioeconomic and environmental indicators show that there is in the state of Goiás a disparity between economic growth and environmental preservation, caused by agribusiness. From the point of view of sustainability, such growth occurs at the expense of a contradictory relationship between economic, social and environmental development, since this biome was almost completely devastated, with direct relationship between increasing numbers of agricultural production and deforested area.