Autoextermínio na Adolescência: Um Estudo Sobre Ideação, Tentativa e Suicídio entre Adolescentes da Cidade de Goiânia

Abstract

Suicide is a phenomenon present in all stages of life, however, the World Health Organization points to a significant increase in suicide rates among teenagers. Adolescence can be understood as a cultural phenomenon that marks the transition of roles and responsibilities from childhood to adulthood. The literature reports that the typical events of adolescence may contribute to the occurrence of suicide at this time of life. The purpose of this dissertation is to describe aspects related to suicide rates, and identify the incidence of ideations and suicide attempts among adolescents living in the city of Goiânia. For this purpose, three chapters will be presented organized in article format. The first chapter deals with a systematic review of the literature on suicide in adolescence. In this study, we analyzed 9 articles, 2 theses and 2 dissertations. It could be observed that the list of factors associated with suicide is extensive. The second chapter aims to describe the suicide rates of teenagers living in Goiânia from 2003 to 2013, and to investigate associated factors. For this purpose, the data of 10 to 19 yearold subjects provided by the Mortality Information System were analyzed - SIM, part of Ministry of Health responsible for the provision of information on mortality in Brazil. The results indicate a higher incidence of suicide among adolescents between 15-19 years old. However, it emphasizes a trend of increasing suicide among adolescent males between 10-14 years old. The third chapter aims to carry out an assessment of the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide among teenagers in the city of Goiania in 2013. Also in this chapter, we evaluate the relationship between ideation and attempted suicide with self-reported problems behaviors through the Youth Self Report - YSR. The results indicate an association between ideation and suicide attempt with all behavioral problems. We also found that attempted suicide rates are higher than the rates of suicidal ideation among adolescents in this county. It is emphasized the importance of studies that understand the variables involved in suicidal behavior of adolescents, since it is the first step for the implementation of contention measures for this phenomenon.