ANÁLISE DO CONTEÚDO DE GENÉTICA NO EXAME NACIONAL DO ENSINO MÉDIO – ENEM

Abstract

This present work analyzes the genetic questions available in the yellow test of nature sciences and its technologies of the National High School Examination (ENEM) from the years 1998 to 2015 and after compares the genetics content collected in the textbooks. The questions were classified according to the National Curricular Parameters for the Secondary Education and the genetic areas that were established by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq. For the selection of the books, a survey was made of the two most adopted authors by the state schools of Goiânia - Go. Regarding the private schools, the two schools that performed best in the ENEM of 2015 were chosen. In relation about the two apostilled books, were selected some schools that they arranged to provide this material. The data of the ENEM and the books were tabulated and organized into spreadsheets. Descriptive statistics were used using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-wallis, Spearman and chi-square correlations to present the results. During the 18 years ENEM, 40 questions were identified involving the genetic content. It was noticed an increase in the frequency of this content from the year 2007. The questions on molecular genetics and biotechnology / genetic engineering were the most frequent in the exam. By linking the contents collected in the ENEM with the selected books / handouts, the results point out that textbooks need to be reformulated frequently as they are fundamental instruments in the teaching-learning process. With this study it was possible to know better which areas of genetics are most required in this examination and above all to realize the importance of the teaching of genetics of quality for the ENEM, since it is of extreme importance for the students of the Middle School.