UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA PARA CRIANÇAS E JOVENS NO CAMPO: desafios, perspectivas e repercussões da LDB nos assentamentos Chê Guevara (Itaberaí) e São Domingos (Morrinhos) em Goiás

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of the National Educational Curriculum (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Brasileira - LDB nº 9.394/96) on rural education, especially in two agrarian reform settlements in the state of Goiás: one, organized by the MST (the Landless Movement), the “Chê Guevara”, is in Itaberaí; the other, by Fetaeg (the state association of agricultural workers), called the “São Domingos”, is in Morrinhos. These settlements were chosen because of their importance, and because they differ from earlier efforts in the social, political, economic and educational proposal they contribute to the struggle of the workers’ social movements for land reform and individual rights in the state of Goiás. In order to understand Brazil’s social problems, rooted in the rural population’s denial of access to basic education, it was necessary to understand the contradictions inherent in the social application of capital as a fundament of qualification of the workforce according to Marxist dialectic. In this sense, work constitutes a fundamental category as an educational principle. The act of education is seen as a human relationship involving the exchange of values, knowledge and cultures, focused especially on the history and culture of rural workers through the social movements fighting for land reform. This approach led to the organization of this study in three segments. First, there is an attempt to understand the importance of the struggle for land in the light of a new form of social accord, in which education becomes one of the key factors in the struggle for employment and citizenship. Second, the ideas presented are supported in theories of the following authors: Amman, Arroyo, Brzezinski, Carneiro, Chazel, Enguita, Frank, Fuentes, Leite, Melluci, Ridenti, Touraine and Vigevani, among others. Finally, the application of the National Educational Curriculum in these two settlements is examined through the lives of the pupils, their parents and teachers, with regard to the details of the education of the rural population. It was found that the pupils, the parents and the teachers consider their school-based education to be one of the most significant pivots in education for access to work and citizenship.