A DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO DA DESAPROPRIAÇÃO POR INTERESSE SOCIAL E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES JURÍDICO-SOCIAIS NO BRASIL

Abstract

This work follows the research line of the "Fortalecimento de Políticas Públicas", from FAPEG - Research Foundation of the State of Goiás, as well as the Post Graduation Program in Law, from the Catholic University of Goiás. Its focus is to analyze the Project of Complementary Law nº 135/2000, which aims the disciplinary measures for the expropriation for social interest, for Land Reform issues, demonstrating its pertinence in the current stage of the National Plan for the Land Reform implementation. The competence of the direct management entities, in other words, the Union (União), States, Federal District and Municipalities; and municipal to legislate, declare and promote expropriation, in this case, were created to specify the division of tasks, and consequently, to understand how the Land Reform is conducted in Brazil. In order to present the reader to the shades of the national Land Reform, some themes were created, together with some relevant institutes, starting with the Brazilian land structure, then going through the concept of the Land Reform and Political Agricultural, establishing, between this last two, its obvious relation. Some official data, found in the IBGE - Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics - web site, along with numbers that were used in important paper works presented in seminars about Land Reform, were also highlighted, so as to allow a more critic review of the facts related to rural expropriation, aiming land reform. Another goal was to try to discover if the Project of Complementary Law nº 135/2000, as is was presented in the Chamber of Deputies, meets constitutional purposes, established by the 1988 Federal Constitution or, in other words, if the legislative proposal was analyzed in formal and material constitutional focus, opportunity in which the studies had its start in constitutional concepts, and ended up in the Project of Complementary Law itself. The legal consequences arising from the term of the Project of Complementary Law, in analysis, were also outlined, considering possible constitutional impacts, so, some tacit derogation may occur, and the present study tried to unveil them. In the end, in prognosis, a paradigm was established in the National Land Reform, if the Project of Complementary Law nº 135/2000 is approved, would they be good for the society, or not.