A escuta das crianças em juízo: uma análise dos significados atribuídos pelos profissionais do Direito à luz da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica

Abstract

This research, developed in the Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program in Psychology of Pontificial Catolic University of Goiás (PUC GO), in the research line of “Social Psychology, Work and Organizations”, under the guidance of Dr. Sônia Margarida Gomes Sousa, researcher and leader of the Research Group in Social Psychology, entitled "Childhood, Family and Society", registered in the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), aims to understand the meanings attributed to children’s role in civil judicial processes they’re related (guardianship, visits, parental alienation, deprivation of family power, application of protective measure, exercise of guardianship, placement and maintenance in a host institution and placement in an extended or substitute family), by so-called legal professionals that make up part of the "Network for the Protection and Care of Children and Adolescents”, trying to understand when and how their participation occurs or in what circumstances and for what reasons it ceases to occur. The study, with a qualitative approach, is based on the theoretical assumptions of Socio-Historical Psychology of Vygotsky that, in turn, is structured by the Marxist method of historical and dialectical materialism. According to the objective outlined, bibliographical and empirical researches were conducted, the latter designed to interview eight law professionals (judges, prosecutors, public defenders and lawyers) who work professionally in lawsuits that discuss children's lives. The research caught the attention to the imperative of understanding and fulfilling the status of subject of rights that children possess, especially the children judicialized, in order to see the perpetration of injustices and to promote the dignification of the treatment to them, considering the huge contingent of judicial actions that discuss the lives of children and deal with the Family Courts and Juvenile Courts of the country, appreciating the urgent need to realize, in the practicaltheoretical, professional and institutional, the legislation of the integral protection of the child, which consecrated as a subject of rights (and no longer object), effective for more than twenty years and still so unknown to the daily life of the Brazilian Courts