NOVOS OLHARES ACERCA DA CONSTRUÇÃO DA SUBJETIVIDADE EM SUJEITOS SURDOS

Abstract

This theoretical study is part of the Education, Society and Culture research line of the Stricto Sensu Post-Graduation Program of Doctorate in Education (PPGE) of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC Goiás). It deals with the relations concerning the construction of subjectivity in Deaf subjects. The title chosen for the research was "New looks about the construction of subjectivity in Deaf subjects". In this qualitative research, through bibliographical research and film analysis, there was the reflection of the subject, having as theoretical reference the psychoanalysis. The present thesis is composed of three essays and, rather than giving answers, seeks to construct a new way of looking at existing discourses on deafness, subjectivity and Sign Language. If, in general, the studies currently prioritize questions that reflect on the Sign Language and the Social Identity of the Deaf, this paper addresses the importance of the reception of the parental nucleus in the process of constitution of the deaf child's subjectivity and its consequence in the construction of the psyche of this child. The objective is to discuss subjectivity, understood as a process by which something becomes constitutive and belongs to the individual in a unique way, determinant in every development process in the life of the subject. Subjectivity as a basic process that allows the construction of the psyche. People often consider the Deaf as incapable and associate deafness with mental retardation. In addition, the delay in language acquisition causes problems in their learning and development, since the deaf people's thinking is based on concrete experiences. difficulties of abstraction. In addition to using several authors in different moments of the thesis, the study focuses on Freud and Lacan to describe these aspects that involve psychoanalytic perspectives on the constitution of subjectivity, focusing on the concepts of Narcissism, Identification and Mirror Stage. These categories were based on the choice of the analyzed films. In addition, the research course converges to reflections having as a platform of analysis the cinema, an instrument that enabled a reflection on how the process of construction of subjectivity and the importance of the parental host take place. The research confirmed the hypothesis about the importance of studies that incorporate in their reflection elements that talk about the construction of subjectivity not be marked only by sign language, but also, parental bonds during early childhood. Moreover, it was concluded that the process of reception of the family, in relation to the deaf child, is essential for the constitution of their subjectivity and later construction of the social identity of the Deaf, bases that are important for educational, informal and formal processes, to which the deaf will go through life.