A AMEAÇA DO ESCURECIMENTO GLOBAL E A TUTELA DO RESSARCIMENTO PELA POLUIÇÃO DO AR ATMOSFÉRICO ESTUDO DE CASO: GOIÂNIA, GOIÁS, BRASIL

Abstract

This thesis aims to investigate the silent threat of global dimming in the capital of Goiás, Goiânia. The goal is to ascertain to what level is this phenomenon in the city, as this is due to the air pollution and also to elucidate the development of a legal guardianship for compensation because of toxic emissions to the atmosphere. The methodological choices empirical-analytic and deductive stand out in this work, because of the exploratory data in various federal, state and municipal governments, as the Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT), the National Traffic Department (DETRAN), National Institute of Meteorology 10 District Meteorological GO/TO (INMET), Goiás Federal University (UFG) and Department of Environment and Water Resources of Goiás (SEMARH) and Municipal Agency of Environment (AMMA), all qualitative and quantitative. It also highlights the normative approach, used to justify the protection of atmospheric air with emphasis on the Federal Constitution as its principal sponsor. The survey was restricted to Goiânia – located in the Midwest region of Brazil – because of increased pollutant concentration in the atmosphere caused primarily by emissions of fossil fuels. This is due to increased fleet of ground vehicles circulating in the metropolis over the last ten years, which helped to launch over 300 tons of pollutants into the atmosphere. Although there are more cars powered by gasoline, diesel fuel is the biggest contributor to emissions. The latter is responsible for 64.65% of pollutants in the air of Goiânia, where the first, 30.49%. These and other sources, such as burning and industry, are also factors in the degradation of air, contributing to the enlargement of the phenomenon under discussion, which in addition to "mask" the effects of global warming, has unexpectedly changed the climate of Goiás region.