A FORMAÇÃO DO TRABALHADOR EM CURSOS A DISTÂNCIA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A REDE E-TEC

Abstract

The Rede e-Tec Brasil, regulated by Decree n. 7,589, October 26, 2011, offers professional education on distance mode. This program was formulated in the disputes around the Brazilian professional formation of the 21st century. Currently, the Rede e-Tec Brasil is part of the National Program of Access to Technical Education and Employment (PRONATEC), which offers professional education in public institutions and in National Learning Services (Sistema S). The main objective of this research was analyze which conceptions of education and work are in dispute in the public policy of professional and technological distance education (Rede e-Tec Brasil) in a professional education institution. The specific objectives were: a) to understand the delineations, the mediations and the contradictions present in the formation of the contemporary worker; b) analyze the conceptions of work and education in the official documents that regulate the policy of e-Tec Brasil Network nationally; c) to elucidate, in the documents that organize the courses offered by e-Tec Brazil Network in the institution researched, in what way the fundamental relationship between work and education is presented; d) unveil how the managers responsible for e-Tec Brazil Network in the institution and the students of the courses taught characterize the relationship between work and education. Thus, the research problem was formulated: Which are the conceptions of work and education are present and are the protagonists of disputes in the public policy for the training of distance workers (Rede e-Tec Brasil) of a professional education institution? The guiding axes of the theoretical reference were: a) capital crisis, production organization and distance worker training with support in Antunes (2009a, 2011b, 2013); Alves, G. (2011); Harvey (2011, 2013); Silva Júnior and Martins (2013), Duarte (2008); b) structural duality in Brazilian professional education in Cunha's writings (2000a, 2000b, 2005); Manfredi (2002); Caires and Oliveira (2016); Frigotto (2001); Ciavatta and Ramos (2011); Silva, M. R. (2010); c) polytechnic training of the worker with contribution of Saviani (2007a, 2008); Frigotto (2001, 2010a, 2011); Moura and Lima Filho (2017); Lima Filho (2015); Kuenzer (1991); Rummert (1998); Ciavatta and Ramos (2011); Ramos (2002). Thus, an investigation anchored in Marx's historical-dialectical materialism was proposed, understanding that social reality is the consequence of human activity, and that professional education policies are the result of the performance of historical subjects in a Brazilian capitalist society. The approach of the research is qualitative, having as methodological procedures the documentary analysis, interviews with managers and discussion groups with students. From the empirical data analysis, four categories emerged: a) The configuration of Rede e-Tec Brazil; b) the management of the market in the training of workers; c) the emptied content of the workers training; d) ruptures and continuities in the formation of the worker. It is concluded, therefore, that the organization of this EaD policy distanced itself from the polytechnical training, since the Rede e-Tec Brasil reproduced the fragmentation of the educational work and the knowledge of the professional education, with the presence of a market-oriented education , lightened and aimed at adapting subjects to flexibilization, informality, entrepreneurship and efficiency; the reduction of education and work to the practical experimentation of the making of a profession; the reaffirmation of structural duality in education materialized by the fragmentation between knowledge of work, science and culture. It is also concluded that, in the institutional context, some specific actions of articulation between work, science and culture were verified.