Assistência social no Brasil: a história do orfanato São José

Abstract

This research is research object to social assistance in the St. Joseph Orphanage in the city of Goiás in the period between 1923 and 1969. The theme relates to one of the biggest problems of contemporary society, children in situations of abandonment. After all, despite the law to guarantee the rights and science warn of the damage, why is there such a large number of children in shelters? The hypothesis is that even with advances in relation to social assistance through the implementation of state policies, religious institutions played a key role in the protection of children and adolescents in poverty and abandonment situation. This work analyzes the process of institutional change and organizational structure occurred in social assistance in Brazil focusing mainly on the state's role. Analyses of North (1991), Streeck and Thelen (2005), Hall and Thelen (2009), Mahoney and Thelen (2010) provide a historical approach and an analytical framework to explain how institutions and institutional changes affected social assistance. The first objective is to know the process of institutional change chapter in the macro structural plan highlighting the factors and central actors that precipitate change, social assistance in the city of Goiás; In the second chapter, we seek to contextualize a brief story about the poor children in Brazil, and to characterize the different models used under the Brazilian social assistance; Then, the intention is to understand and analyze the structure and dynamics of assistance in St. Joseph Orphanage. Methodologically, this is a theoretical and empirical research based on bibliographical and documentary research.