ANÁLISE SOCIOECONÔMICA DOS ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS NO VALE DO ARAGUAIA- MT

Abstract

The research presents the rural settlements for the purpose of agrarian reform in the Araguaia Valley in the context of the socioeconomic analysis. On the understanding of access to land through agrarian reform in Brazil. The Brazilian agrarian question is defended as a means to guarantee and assure the rural worker the right to property. In this way the land concentration in the Country occurred due to the colonization of Brazil by Portugal. At that time the first conflicts of lands appeared. However, after the Proclamation of the Republic, the land law is decreed in order to regularize the land issue in Brazil and to establish the purchase and sale institute as a way of acquiring the property. To this end, the land law guarantees the worker the right to acquire the property. After the land law, other legal institutes emerged to ensure the right to property in Brazil. However, the Land Statute, promulgated in the Military Government, aimed to promote agrarian reform through expropriation for purposes of social interest. The social function provided for in the Land Statute began to regulate properties. In that sense, the Federal Constitution of 1988 consolidated the expropriation for purposes of social interest for properties that did not fulfill the social function in chapter III on agricultural and land policy. At this juncture, social movements determined the changes that occurred in Brazil's agrarian policy. Thus, rural settlement is the way to carry out agrarian reform. Through the creation of rural settlements the landless worker has the right to be benefited. The main objective of this research is to analyze the socioeconomic situation of rural settlements in the Araguaia Mato Grosso Valley, specifying the year of establishment of rural settlements, the size of the area and the capacity to support and sustain the beneficiary families, the municipalities where they are located the settlements and the number of families benefited by the National Agrarian Reform Program. In order to do so, bibliographies were analyzed that provided support, theoretical foundation and documentary research at the INCRA Superintendency in the municipality of Barra do Garças, on rural settlements in the Araguaia Valley. The result of the survey identifies 93 rural settlements with a capacity to support and support 21531 settled families, located in 21 municipalities, totaling 18611 settled families, living in the area of 1480433.78 hectares, the rural population in the Araguaia Valley corresponds to 89,235 while families settled by the agrarian reform add up the total of 19,024.