Capacidade Funcional em Crianças Expostas e não Expostas ao Tabagismo Passivo e Fatores Biológicos e Ambientais Associados a Doenças Respiratórias

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the biological and environmental factors associated with the presence of respiratory diseases of children exposed and not exposed to passive smoking and analyze the effects of such exposure on the functional capacity of children exposed to this pollutant. The following study deals is a crosssectional survey conducted in eight public educational institutions of the city of Anápolis (GO). The sample consisted of 479 children aged between 8 and 12 years. Caretakers signed the Consent Agreement and Clarified and answered an epidemiological questionnaire which asked about the child’s background and their families about the presence of symptoms and respiratory diseases, housing conditions and smoking habits. Then we applied the 6-minute walk test, which was conducted according to the standards of the American Society Toracic and consisted of the child to walk as far as possible for 6 minutes. were also observed the level of dyspnea using the Borg Scale, heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, the same being observed 10 minutes before and after the test. Of the 297 479 children had no respiratory disease and 182 were considered patients, 307 were exposed to passive smoking and 172 were not exposed. Participated in the walk test 379 children. With regard to environmental and biological factors analyzed in the study all were associated with the presence of respiratory disease, and being passive smokers increases by 2.79 times the likelihood of the children have respiratory disease. As for the walk test, there was greater distance traveled by children not exposed to tobacco (475,15m ± 67.30) compared to exposed children (437.05 ± 76.17) (p <0.001). These had significantly higher initial respiratory rate (21.83 ± 3.5) compared to unexposed children (20.92 ± 3.6) (p = 0.002). They were also found higher values in the Borg scale both initial and end in children exposed compared to unexposed children. As for the other variables no significant differences were found. Given this, it is clear that tobacco exposure is associated with the presence of respiratory disease and causes negative impact on functional capacity of children.