Procedimentos Odontológicos e Indicadores de Saúde Bucal em Goiânia

Abstract

Good oral health is critical to the individual's physical and emotional well-being. In addition to being responsible for important functions in the body, such as chewing, a healthy mouth is imperative for a good personal presentation. Because it is such an important area of health, dental services are offered by the SUS (Health Unic System), which also promotes universal and free access to other health services. Created in 1988, SUS benefits about 180 million Brazilians and represents a change in the interpretation of the concept of health. Previously seen as a "non-disease" framework, the SUS promoted a vision of disease prevention and health promotion (FIOCRUZ, 2017). Despite the advances and improvements provided by SUS, there are still many challenges to be overcome by public health as the negative impacts that oral diseases have generated. Faced with this reality, the negative impacts that oral diseases have generated are a challenge for those responsible for public health policies. The objective of this research was to describe the dental procedures and oral health indicators used in Goiânia, from 2013 to 2015. Data were collected in Datasus, Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System. It is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The results revealed a growth in the total number of registered dental procedures, from 1,883 to 3,414, between 2013 and 2015. Regarding the procedures performed, it was observed that the periodontal methods, followed by prosthetics, restorative and preventive methods, were registered more frequently. The most frequently recorded procedure in the female audience is the prosthetic. In the male audience, more often than not, it resorts to prevention and restoration. Preventive treatment is also more present in the age group equal to or less than nine years. On the other hand, it was verified that it is in the age group over 34 years that most receives dental procedures. The state of Goiás did not agree for the period from 2013 to 2015, the average individual dental procedures of 2007, which was 2.5. In 2013, the indicator stood at 2.44 and in 2015 it declined to 1.17. Despite the increase in the number of dental procedures, the proportion of the first dental appointment and the ratio of the completed treatments decreased with time, which shows that the treatments started are not completed. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop preventive programs that also include adults. The work of health teams should be intensified, expanding health education strategies and actions in more isolated areas. It is fundamental that a work of awareness is developed regarding the problems generated by an interrupted oral treatment, in order to reduce incompleted treatments.