Epidemiologia Molecular e Padrão de Resistência a Drogas de Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolados em Pacientes Internados em um Hospital na Amazônia Brasileira

Abstract

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the leading opportunistic microorganisms associated with nosocomial infections and outbreaks worldwide, especially in patients with severe underlying disease who are being treated in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Objectives: To determine the phenotypic and molecular characteristics isolates of multiresistant A. baumannii in a hospital of medium and high complexity in the Amazon region. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Carbapenens resistant A. baumannii isolates from colonization / infections in hospitalized patients were analyzed. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined by the disc diffusion method, microdilution for polymyxin and E-test® for imipenem and meropenem. Research for antimicrobial resistance genes that set resistance was performed by multiplex-PCR and the clonal relationship was investigated by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Results: Among the 18 isolates 10 (55.6%) were carbapenemase producers, had the blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 genes and belonged to the same clone. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that resistance to carbapenems was common to all isolates of A. baumannii which were MDR. Detection of the blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 genes was common to all carbapenemase-producing isolates and belonged to the same clone, revealing the possible cross-dissemination of this microorganism in the study hospital and reinforcing that bacterial resistance is a serious emerging problem.