Desenvolvimento Regional em Goiás: O Caso da Região Norte – 2000 a 2015

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impacts of the proposed actions, by the Govern of Goiás, to the North Region of this State, from the preparation of the first Plan For the multiannual program 2000-2004 through 2012-2015, with the aim of reduce imbalances and regional inequalities, contributing to the integration of the north region with the other regions of the State, minimizing inequalities, promoting the development and improvement in the quality of life of the population. The development of the North region has always been linked to public policies development until the 1950s and has problems of isolation due to difficulty in locomotion and practicing low productivity. The construction of the Belém- Brasília Road brings dynamism to the region opening borders, linking the region to the rest of the country. However, the region has always uneven development in relation to other regions of the State, and it’s one of the ten planning regions according to the regionalization policy adopted by the Government of Goiás, for the improvement of regional development policies. The North Region of Goiás, has a territory of 59,553,224 km, which corresponds to 17.51% of the State, the region comprises twenty-six small municipalities, with 61% of these has a population of up to 10,000 inhabitants. Characterized as a region with nice geographical location because it’s on the way of major roads of the State, like the Belém-Brasília Road and the north-south railroad, has agricultural and cattle mining as principal economic activities. For the development of the research, we used bibliographical research, document survey and analysis of secondary data. For better analysis of the economic and social development of the municipalities that make up the region, it’s used indicators such as the Municipal Human Development Index-IDMH, Social-IVS Vulnerability, the Municipal Performance Index- IDM, created by the State Government, in addition to the evolution of the Gross Domestic Product-GDP, Income Average Monthly, Agricultural and Mineral production, in the studied period. Were added some indicators, such as illiteracy rate, Index of Brazilian Education - IDEB, improvement of Human Development Index Municipal-IDHM, increased coverage of the sewage network, lower disparities between average monthly income of the population. Even so, there’s still an intra-regional disparity among small municipalities, that has economic activities unprofitable, practicing agricultural activity with use of low technological resources and extensive livestock farming, becoming unattractive to the current agribusiness model.