Análise dos Fatores Associados às Sífilis Gestacional e Congênita em Município do Semiárido Baiano na Série Histórica de 2009 a 2017

Abstract

Syphilis is an infection caused by Treponema pallidum, which is compulsory, which can reach chronicity when not treated properly. It presents sexual, sanguine or vertical transmission, and can generate negative impacts on maternal and neonatal health. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with gestational and congenital syphilis in the municipality of Guanambi / BA, from 2009 to 2017. This is an epidemiological, sectional, retrospective and analytical study that sought to describe data from the compulsory notification of gestational and congenital syphilis, from 2009 to 2017 registered in Guanambi / BA. Sixty-four reports for gestational syphilis and 34 for congenital syphilis were analyzed. The data were presented in contingency tables and analyzed by descriptive and comparative statistics. The comparisons between the proportions were analyzed using the fisher exact test, with a significance level of 5% (p¿0.05). The profile of the confirmed cases for gestational syphilis (n = 60/64) consisted mostly of women of brown color (53.3%), older than 21 years (80.0%), without employment bonding (61, 7%), with 90.0% living in urban areas. A high proportion of women in this study performed prenatal care and had the diagnosis of infection established in this period (66.7%), (p = 0.010). Of the group of women with syphilis, 48.1% had an inadequate treatment regimen (p = 001). There was a higher proportion of male neonates for confirmed cases of congenital syphilis (74.1%), compared to those discarded (14.3%), generating a significant difference (p = 0.007). This study points to situations of health fragility in relation to the feasibility of assistance to suspected and confirmed cases of gestational syphilis and indicates the need to review practices in basic care in order to meet the demand for syphilis with greater technical and scientific rigor