Modernidade Sombria e Seus Reflexos na Educação: Ideologia, Violência Simbólica e Banalização do Mal no Discurso Totalitário

Abstract

This study is part of the Education, Society and Culture Research Line and the GP CNPq-PUC Goiás Education, History, Memory and Culture in different social spaces. Among the motivations that stimulated the elaboration of this study, the most fundamental questions the political, structural, moral and ethical developments of World War II regarding the Nazi experience that settled in Germany, throwing the German people into the most complete identity crisis. This nation, devastated by the World War, threw itself into an inert state of submission in order to find a leader who would become its great savior. It was intended to understand how propaganda, especially through the use of Cinema, was an important weapon of Hitler in the process of the construction and diffusion of Nazi ideology. One of the aspects of this analysis was the importance of understanding the symbolic nature of the violence contained in this type of proposal, which helped to foment hatred towards the socalled "enemies of the regime, such as Jews, communists, blacks, etc." even education was ideologically manipulated so as to lead young people to think more conveniently for the government in order to build a nation whose main purpose was to attend to the orders of its leader as the only one capable of leading the country to reconstitute his glory. This work also aimed to think about the theoreticalphilosophical contributions of Adorno and Hannah Arendt to promote a reflection on the risks that the banalization of the typical evil of totalitarian regimes can represent for the coexistence in society, from the point of view of respect for human rights. For this, it was also essential to develop a research on how emancipatory education, based on the notion of world love, could open precedents for the fight against the seduction present in the messianic discourses derived from authoritarian political proposals that even today represent a latent threat and constant. It was a qualitative research based on a theoretical-bibliographic basis, of a critical-understanding nature, structured in the form of three essays, having as main theoretical support the works of Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (1975); Crisis in Education (1958); The Human Condition (2017); Between the Past and the Future (2016); The Life of the Spirit (1978), dialogued with other authors such as Michel Foucault (2014), Pierre Bourdieu (1992), Theodor Adorno (2000)