O diálogo inter-religioso como caminho aberto à paz e à solidariedade na perspectiva dos pontificados de João Paulo II e Francisco

Abstract

With the theme "Interreligious dialogue as an open path to peace and solidarity in the perspective of the pontificates of John Paul II and Francisco"; this work discusses interreligious dialogue, around two central problems: Identifying and understanding the elements that make unfeasible and those that promote interreligious dialogue in modernity from the Catholic perspective in the pontificates of John Paul II and Francis as perspectives of the Second Vatican Council. The hypothesis on which we rely is that the Catholic Church took up the debate and initiatives in the field of interreligious dialogue since the Second Vatican Council, as an open door to multicultural modernity with a view to building peace and solidarity; In the pontificates of John Paul II and Francisco, the Council's initiatives towards dialogue with cultural and religious diversity took shape. Based on this hypothesis, the research was carried out by collecting data for the theoretical-bibliographic, descriptive and compilation study on the proposed content: interreligious dialogue as an open path to peace and solidarity, in the perspective of the pontificates of João Paul II and Francis. We start from the works of the pontiffs themselves on the theme, we look for other authors who deal with the same theme; we also hear from authors of theology, anthropology and sociology to support this research. We also access websites that publish academic works on interfaith dialogue. We made contact by phone and via e-mail with The Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, the body responsible for the process of interreligious dialogue in the Catholic Church. We obtained access to the archives of the same Council to study the documents published in the period covered in this research, 2008 to 2019. Thus, bookings, articles, pontifical documents and academic works were made available on the websites of the universities. This methodology includes participation in events related to the theme and interview. From the problems and the hypothesis, the work aims to identify in these pontificates the paradigm changes in the participation of the Catholic Church in the field of inter-religious dialogue, going from the practice characterized by the premises: the Catholic Church and other religious traditions; and, the Catholic Church with other religious traditions. The integration of the Catholic Church in modern society by overcoming the condemnation of modernity and its adaptation to new societies through dialogue. We consider the theme relevant given the proximity of the latest violent events that bring issues of fundamentalism and religious intolerance against the background. Such events are not only expatriating people, who come to live in the midst of citizenship and culture, affecting their socio-religious identity, but they have also changed the social situation of the countries in which they seek and sometimes find shelter. We started the research by discussing the characteristics of modernity in the first half of the Twentieth Century and the behavior of the Church in this scenario. Then we approached the Second Vatican Council, as a landmark for the Catholic Church in the Twentieth Century, in the process of building interreligious dialogue. Next, we deal with the issue of religious fundamentalism and intolerance still present in modern times, as a platform for the wave of violence that has been practiced. Then we started the actual dealings of interreligious dialogue as a mechanism to overcome fundamentalism, intolerance and religious violence, in the period between the years 2008 to 2019. At this point in the research, the highlight is the Pontifical Council for Inter Dialogue -religious. At the end of the previous section, we address the pontificate of John Paul II, who according to our understanding has the process of interreligious dialogue characterized by the premise: The Catholic Church and other religious traditions. Finally, we address, in the final part, Francis' pontificate, which presents an unprecedented paradigm in the process of interreligious dialogue in the scenario of the Catholic Church characterized by the premise: The Catholic Church with the other religious traditions