Fatores associados à reincidência da gravidez na adolescência

Abstract

Pregnancy in adolescence is a complex phenomenon and it is still more relevant when the event is repeated. Each pregnancy reduces the probability of the adolescent complete the studies and to have a profession. It's essential to understand the related factors to the pregnancy recurrence because it will permit them to realize what predispose these girls to get pregnant in so early stages of their lives. The objective of this study was to analyze the related factors to the pregnancy recurrence in adolescence. Method: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study, which data was obtained from the Information System about Live Births (SINASC). Mothers aged between 10 to 19 years old, that were residents in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, and had children in 2016 were identified. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the statistical analysis. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated; chi-square test was realized; odds ratio and confidence interval of 95% with significance level of 5%. Results: In 2016, the total of 20.821 live births from mothers residents in Goiânia, 1402 were children from adolescents from adolescent mothers, corresponding to 67% (IC95% 14,2-14,7). Among these, 606 had a history of one or more previous pregnancy. The proportion of pregnancy recurrence in adolescence was around 43,2% (IC95% 40,6-45,8%) and aged between 13 to 19 years old with average of 18,0+1,1 years. Among these ones, 94 (15,5%) had more than two pregnancies in adolescence. The sample was mostly composed by non-white girls (83,3%), without partners (61,1%), and 86,2% of the fathers were men aged >20 years old. The multivariate analysis identified that the schooling was associated with the pregnancy recurrence [OR=7,43(IC95% 1,52-36,37)]. Conclusions: The percentage of pregnancy recurrence in adolescence was high. The level of schooling was associated to the pregnancy in an early stage of life. The results of this investigation can provide guiding subsidies for education programs that help to transpose and reduce the broad risks of sexual behavior, through assessments and interventions that strengthen the prevention, contraception and safe sex, with the objective to create or reinforce the programs intended for planning actions and strategies of a healthy youth