O Estado e o desenvolvimento regional na Bahia: A Política de desenvolvimento dos territórios rurais.

Abstract

The design strategy of rural development with a territorial approach is to reference the rural areas as a space for articulation and management of public policies designed to promote the decentralization of political decisions, the public and private investments, as a way to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in Brazil . Territory is here understood as a physical space, geographically defined, generally continuous, comprising towns and fields, characterized by multidimensional criteria, such as environment, economy, society, culture, politics and institutions, and with a population groups distinct social, that relate internally and externally through specific processes, where one can distinguish one or more factors that indicate identity and social cohesion, cultural and territorial. This strategy of territorial development, coordinated by the Department of Land Development (SDT), arises from the need to adopt innovative strategies and concepts to address problems that, despite the advances, there remain strongly reaching some regions and social groups. Given the above, the development of this work is to analyze the process of construction and management of territorial development policy that is being implemented in the Territory Velho Chico, State of Bahia and discuss how it has contributed to the deconstruction of a model considered conservative, responsible for producing poverty and social exclusion and regional inequalities that still reaches, especially the rural areas. Further analyze how the strategy has helped to build a new form of management of public policies aimed at endogenous development, with a view to promoting the economic, social and environmental Territory. The research is developed through literature review on the topic, the theoretical framework adopted, as well as direct observation in the field that featured interviews with leaders, analysis and systematization of interviews and analysis of documents produced by the territory. The results show that the new strategy of development of public policy that is being implemented in the territory presents as endogenous model and decentralized management, able to promote the role of local leaders; involves, extends and qualifies the participation of civil society promotes integration with the government and is considered the Territorial Collegiate reference space for discussion and proposition articulation of public policies. But facing addictions rooted in public administration that hinders and resists incorporation of dynamic planning and management of public policies in a democratic, collective and intersectoral. It is necessary to determine all government bodies comply with the principles of territorial development policy, consider the collegiate institutions, and establish mechanisms of social control and management to enable the local community to monitor the effectiveness of policies implemented in the territory