Tendência da mortalidade por quedas em idosos no Brasil

Abstract

The growth in expectancy life and, consequently, the increase of the elderly population, point to the increase in mortality from falls. This is one of the major concerns health public, reflecting on consequences to person, family and the health system. Thus, is need to monitor the death rates among the Brazilian elderly population to provide interdisciplinary planning for health promotion, prevention of disease and death. The objective of this study was to analyze the trend of mortality due to falls in Brazil entre 2008 a 2016. This is a study time-series ecological with data from the Mortality Information System (SIM). Mortality rates were analyzed by simple linear regression, stratified by geographical region and age group over 60 years. Deaths classified as falling according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), chapter XX, W00 to W19 codes were selected in the SIM. The data show a total number of 72,234 deaths from falls in elderly brazilian. In 2016 there was a trend of increased deaths for all age groups. This growth was greater among elderly people aged 80 and over. The highest coefficient was in the Center-West region (15.76), in contrast to the Southeast region (6.47). Rates ranged from 29.7 to 44.7 deaths per 100,000 elderly and increased by 1.92 for the period studied. Rates increased as the age increased, from 60 to 69 years (regression coefficient = 0.35); from 70 to 79 years (regression coefficient = 1.38), 80 years and over (regression coefficient = 9.10). For the elderly from 60 to 79 years of age, in the Center-West and North regions this increase was not statistically significant and showed steady trend of the death rate due to falls. In the Southeast region this occurred only in the age range of 60 to 69 years. Deaths from falls in the period occurred in female elderly (51.9%), without partners (single, widowed and separated) (59.9%) and in the environment of health facilities (88.3%). Death rates due to falls show an increase of "Falls at the same level" (53.8%), indicating a percentage variation in the number of deaths (31.7%). There was a reduction in numbers of deaths for "falls without specification", thus the variation of this rates in terms of increase and decrease reflect the improvement of information for the database that has been occurring in recent years. The falls constitute in a problem health public, the indicators point to the magnitude of death rates due to falls in the elderly and to evidence of health care policies in search of coping with the problem. Interprofessional and collaborative actions should be planned and implemented with an interlocution of the elderly and the family aiming the reduction this falls, life healthier and better self-esteem