O uso de drone como ferramenta de avaliação do impacto causado pelo excesso construtivo em habitações de um bairro residencial

Abstract

The research had the main objective to verify the impact generated in the municipality's urban territorial planning, caused by the constructive excess identified by measuring the total constructed area using as a tool a drone. Initially, a systematic literature review was carried out to investigate the knowledge gap about using drones in construction tasks. The bibliographic review made it possible to verify that the use of drones presents an increase in the number of researches involving the use of drones in the construction area, especially in the inspection and management of works, showing that the drone will be a future trend due to its ease of use, accessibility to areas unattainable by man and low cost of operation. A survey was then carried out on the dwellings of a residential neighborhood in the municipality of Jataí - GO to identify excesses using a drone as a tool for measuring the total area constructed. With the acquired images, information was obtained on built areas, which allowed comparisons with the projected areas, allowing to evaluate changes about the initial projects and what were the impacts on urban territorial planning by calculating the estimated value of the loss of tax collection of the Property and Urban Territorial Tax - IPTU. This study verified how drone technology could be used in monitoring activities in the civil construction sector. The results show that 72% of the studied neighborhood dwellings have some constructive excess, representing a percentage of loss more significant than 70% of the collection. Another result allowed us to estimate that the loss of revenue from the IPTU, only in the housing complex studied, represents an estimated annual value of R$ 130,000.00. The amount not collected tends to impact the municipality's urban planning due to the increase in the sanitation system, the waterproofing of the soil, and the number of people residing in the neighborhood. These factors are reflections of the disordered growth caused by the excess of construction in the houses. As a general contribution, this research showed that it is possible to use the drone to measure the total area built in a dwelling to check through the construction excesses the loss of revenue with the IPTU and the areas that will be impacted in the territorial and urban planning