Independência funcional de pacientes com lesão da medula espinhal internados para reabilitação

Abstract

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) can cause irreversible damage to the neurological system. It is considered one of the most serious changes that can affect human beings, due to its physical and social repercussions. Early rehabilitation in SCI patients favors functional gains. This dissertation was constructed as a scientific article. The objective was to analyze the evolution of the functional independence of patients with spinal cord injury in hospital for rehabilitation. This is a retrospective study, using data from medical records of patients with spinal cord injury, who were admitted for rehabilitation at a State Center for Rehabilitation and Rehabilitation in Goiânia, Goiás, from July 2016 to July 2018. as instruments a sociodemographic and clinical profile form and the scales of the Measure of Functional Independence (MIF) and the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), whose information was collected on the first and last day of hospitalization. Data normality was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Comparison of the initial and final FIM in the total sample and as a function of the sociodemographic and clinical/functional profile was performed using the Wilcoxon and Chi-squared Posthoc tests. For all analyses, a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was adopted. One hundred and thirty patients with SCI took part in the study, with a mean age of 34.34±14.76 years and hospital stay of 36.51±12.04 days. There was a significant improvement in the motor and cognitive domains; and in all FIM categories after hospitalization for rehabilitation, as well as an increase in the number of patients with complete independence and a decrease in those with modified dependence. The longer the hospital stay and the shorter the injury time, the greater the evolution of functional independence. Therefore, the results of this study demonstrate the need to implement more inpatient services for rehabilitation in the country, with multidisciplinary and early treatment, with longer hospital stays, aiming at better functional independence in patients with spinal cord injury