Avaliação da atividade física com acelerômetro e fatores associados em mulheres com obesidade grave

Abstract

Severe obesity increases the risk of several diseases and mortality. Physical activity (PA) is important for the control of this epidemic, however, studies that evaluated PA in women with severe obesity using an accelerometer were not found. The objectives of this study were: i) to analyze the factors associated with daily PA time in women with severe obesity; ii) identify the daily time spent in light physical activity (LPA) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in women with severe obesity; iii) compare the time of LPA and MVPA according to the body mass index; and iv) to identify the sociodemographic, clinical and body composition factors associated with the daily time of LPA and MVPA in women with severe obesity. This is a cross-sectional study, in which baseline data from a randomized clinical trial (DieTBra Trial) with adult women between 18 and 64 years old, and severely obese women (Body Mass Index (BMI) equal to or greater than 35) were analyzed. kg / m²), class II and III. The following variables were evaluated: age, education, economic class, menopause, comorbidities, smoking, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages and body composition, performed using total body densitometry. The daily PA time was assessed with the ActiGraph accelerometer (wGT3X) for seven days. The outcomes were the daily time of LPA and MVPA in minutes per day. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) and all participants signed the Informed Consent Form (ICF). Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) (p <0.05). 97 women with a mean age of 40.3 ± 8.3 years were evaluated. The mean BMI was 43.8 ± 4.5 Kg / m², 17 (17.5%) of which were classified as obesity II, 70 (72.1%) of obesity III and 10 (10.3%) of superobesity. The mean LPA time was 170.9 ± 49.4 minutes / day, of MVPA was 100.7 ± 40.1 minutes / day and the mean daily MVPA time above 10 minutes was 5.6 ± 7 , 5 minutes / day, with 5.6 ± 8.6 minutes / day in obese class II, 5.9 ± 7.6 in obese class III and 4.1 ± 3.6 in superobese, with no difference between classes obesity (p = 0.777). LPA time was associated with less than nine years of schooling β = 24.59 (p = 0.028) and menopause β = 40.73 (p = 0.016) and MVPA was associated with economic class D-E β = 27.42 (p = 0.022) and with diabetes β = -19.72 (p = 0.019). The daily time of LPA was positively associated with a lower level of education and the presence of menopause. The daily MVPA time was positively associated with economic class D-E and negatively with diabetes. Light intensity exercises can be beneficial for women with severe obesity, who have a low level of PA and difficulties to perform moderate and intense exercises. In addition, it is necessary to rethink strategies to encourage the practice of PA in severely obese individuals.