Fatores associados ao clima de segurança do paciente em um hospital de longa permanência

Abstract

Evaluating the safety climate favors a work diagnosis by analyzing the perceptions and attitudes of health professionals related to safety. It allows the identification of problematic points and subsidizes the implementation of interventions focused on promoting a culture of safety, continuous improvement and quality in health services. This measurement has taken place in health services, nevertheless it has not yet been identified in national long-term hospitals, which the diagnosis of the safety climate is very important because it aims to provide safe care for patients with vulnerabilities and weaknesses. Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the patient safety climate in a long-term hospital from the perspective of the multidisciplinary team. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study executed in a longterm hospital, with the participation of 280 professionals from the multidisciplinary health team. Data were collected between February and April 2020, using the instrument Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), translated and validated for the Portuguese/Brazil language and the professional questionnaire developed by the author. Results were analyzed, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05) and the reliability of the questionnaire with a value of 0.78 of Cronbach's α. Project approved by the ethics committee under No. 3,774,716. Results: Most of the participants were from the Nursing department 198 (70.7%) and 272 (97.1%) had a CLT employment contract. Of these, 200 (71.4%) worked only at the evaluated institution, with a workload of 42 hours per week represented by 214 (76.4%) and 262 (93.6%) had no intention of leaving the institution. Regarding the course in the area of patient safety, 144 (51.4%) of the participants said they had taken the patient safety discipline during their professional training course and 198 (70.7%) participants took the course on patient safety in the institution itself, with workload ranging from one to 10 hours 104 (54.5%). The overall SAQ average was 69.8 points, representing a negative perception of the security climate. In the exploratory analysis, the teamwork climate and the safety climate showed a significant difference with gender, as also the level of specialization education with the perception of the unit's management. Factors associated with a positive perception of the safety climate were: education, department, position of coordinator/manager, workload, training in patient safety and duration of courses offered by the hospital. Conclusion: This research presented that the safety climate has weaknesses, especially in the perceptions of stress, management issues and working conditions, although professionals are satisfied with the workplace. The measurement of the safety climate in long-term hospitals will impact in actions to improve safe care, bringing social relevance to the appointment of qualification in care for patients with social and economic vulnerabilities and health conditions