Fatores associados às internações por Covid-19 em um serviço hospitalar de alta complexidade

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalizations for COVID-19 as well as the factors associated with the outcome is essential to establish better behaviors that guide quality care, identified in this pandemic scenario. Objective: To verify the existence of an association between demographic variables, hospitalization, symptoms, risk factors for COVID-19 and morbidities with the outcome of hospitalization that had a definitive outcome in survivors and non-survivors in a hospital service in Goiania, Goias, Brazil. Method: This is a crosssectional retrospective cohort study. The study population consisted of 170 medical records of patients hospitalized between September 2020 and January 2021 with a confirmed diagnosis of Covid-19. Data were collected using a structured instrument and analyzed according to descriptive statistics. Results: Prevalent age from 18 to 59 years (41.2%), male, as well as not being a health professional, mean age of 61.53 years, hospitalization time of 10.77 days, from symptoms to the day of hospitalization, of 8.60 days (±2.93). As for the place of initial hospitalization, accommodation in an apartment or ward, coming from the emergency room of the hospital, predominated. As for the outcome of hospitalization, 84.7% survived and, of these, 81.2% were discharged without readmission. The main signs and symptoms evidenced at admission were dry cough, shortness of breath with fever, fatigue and tiredness, and 75.3% had arterial hypertension, obesity and type II diabetes. An association was identified between those under 59 years of age and a greater chance of surviving COVID-19. There was a trend of association of the fever symptom with the hospitalization outcome. Patients who had the death outcome had higher SBP and lower SPO2. Also analyzing the risk factors and reported comorbidities, having chronic kidney disease on dialysis and malignant neoplasia were associated with a higher chance of mortality. Conclusion: The results showed high survival rates with a low rate of readmission and for cases of death, SBP was associated with a higher SBP than a lower SpO2, having chronic kidney disease and malignant neoplasm