Categoria trabalho e a organização sindical do trabalhador e trabalhadora da cana-de-açúcar na região de Goianésia - Goiás

Abstract

This dissertation is the result of research that aims to apprehend the union organization of sugarcane workers in the region of Goianésia, Goiás and is part of the Institutional Research Project "Consolidation of the Postgraduate System of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, in support of the environmentally sustainable production of the sugarcane production chain in the State of Goiás" of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC Goiás), with funding from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG). The proposed general objective is to reveal the organization of sugarcane workers in the region of Goianésia, through their objective and subjective conditions of survival. Goianésia is a municipality in Goiás whose economy revolves around the sugar cane production process. Knowledge of the local reality was carried out through bibliographic research and visits to institutions in the municipality. And, for the survey and grouping of data from the field research in the municipality, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 20 unionized workers directly linked to the productive chain of sugarcane in the municipality. As a result, it was found that work in the Brazilian capitalist system is marked by exploitation and precariousness, which is reflected in the living conditions of rural workers, especially those who work in the sugarcane production cycle. Exhausting working hours, lack of social protection and low pay are just a few prototypes of the difficulties faced by rural workers in Brazil. The survival alternative is the organization of workers through unions. The history of the sugarcane workers' union in the region of Goianésia, Goiás is marked by a trajectory of struggles and conquests, which demonstrates the importance of union organization in the defense of workers' rights. This work is structured in three chapters, the first approaches work in the Marxian conception as an ontological category of the social being and its reconfiguration in capitalism and rural work. The second chapter is about the sugarcane agroindustry, the socio-historical, socioeconomic, political, environmental reality, sugarcane production and the socio historical context of Goianésia. And, finally, the third chapter has as its content the subjective and objective conditions of workers in the sugarcane cycle, the working conditions, the socioeconomic profile and the organization of workers involved in the productive cycle of sugarcane in the region of Goianésia and the union organization of that category