As cidades e os carros: o descarte irregular em vias públicas

Abstract

The irregular disposal of vehicles on public roads has become a growing problem in many cities, affecting urban aesthetics, public safety, the environment and the health of the population. This dissertation investigates the complexity of this phenomenon, exploring its causes, impacts and possible solutions for vehicle abandonment in urban areas. Initially, an analysis of some international realities is presented, followed by an examination of the legislation of several Brazilian cities, highlighting the differences and similarities in the approaches adopted. Subsequently, the dissertation delves deeper into the particular situation of Goiânia, examining local policies, the challenges faced and the measures implemented to combat the problem. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of case studies in several cities, the research reveals the various dimensions of this problem, including socioeconomic, environmental and infrastructure issues. The methodology adopted was divided into stages. The research adopted a mixed methodological approach, combining documentary analysis and case study. In the first stage, carried out in 2023, data was collected from official websites to demonstrate the evolution of vehicle fleets both globally and in Brazil. The documentary analysis included the review of municipal, state and federal legislation, searching for materials that portrayed the reality of different locations in relation to vehicle abandonment. The second stage consisted of a literature review in CAPES journals to support the article with relevant works. Using keywords such as "abandoned vehicles" and "disposal of vehicles" in Portuguese initially, and later the terms "abandoned vehicles," "cities," and "irregular disposal of vehicles" in English. This mixed methodological approach allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the problem and provided a solid basis for formulating effective public policy recommendations. Partial considerations highlight the contribution of inappropriate vehicle disposal to environmental contamination and public health risks, in addition to its negative influence on urban aesthetics and safety. The need for clear and effective regulations is highlighted, as well as greater public awareness of the importance of responsible disposal practices. The dissertation also emphasizes the relevance of federal legislation that unifies procedures for the management of abandoned vehicles in municipalities, aiming for a more coordinated and efficient approach. In the specific case of Goiânia, the dissertation reveals that the increase in the vehicle fleet and the lack of resources for adequate disposal contribute significantly to the problem. Tax actions based on complaints from the population have been an important tool, but there is still a need for broader educational and awareness policies. The research concludes that the creation of specific legislation on vehicle disposal in Goiânia is essential to address local particularities and promote a cleaner, safer and more sustainable urban environment. This study offers a comprehensive view of the problem of irregular vehicle disposal, proposing recommendations for more effective public policies and suggesting areas for future research. In the end, this dissertation offers detailed recommendations for formulating more effective public policies and highlights the importance of a collaborative approach between government, industry, recycling companies and civil society

La necesidad de la gente de desplazarse hizo que los vehículos de motor dominaran las ciudades. El aumento de la flota provoca numerosos problemas, entre ellos una eliminación inadecuada. En este sentido, el objetivo fue evaluar las flotas nacionales e internacionales de vehículos automotores y su disposición irregular en la vía pública, en un contexto de demanda creciente. La metodología incluyó una revisión sistemática de las revistas de la Capes y de la evolución de la flota nacional e internacional, así como de los descartes, y se buscó un análisis de las diferentes realidades. Los resultados demostraron que el aumento desenfrenado de las flotas provocó desorden urbano, con cadáveres abandonados en las carreteras