COMUNIDADE REMANESCENTE QUILOMBOLA KALUNGA: direito à educação como expressão de cidadania no ensino fundamental.

Abstract

This thesis is included in the research State, Policies and Educational Institutions. Has the objective of analyzing the right to education as an expression of citizenship in the educational reality in the Remaining Community of Kaluga Quilombolas, considering the Constitutional precepts of 1988, the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education of 1996 and the Constitutional Amendment nr. 59/2009. The empirical field comprises rural multilevel schools: Escola Municipal Areia and Escola Municipal Sucuri, located in the Remaining Community of Kaluga Quilombolas in Monte Alegre, in Goiás. The research problem consists in identifying the conditions that may guarantee the right to education through the access and keeping the students with good results in the schools surveyed. It s here discussed the duty of the State as guarantor of the right to education as an expression of citizenship at compulsory and free elementary schools. It s here analyzed the principle of equality as the basis and foundation of a democratic education that raises the achievement of citizenship for emancipation of men and women. It s also reflected if the schools surveyed guarantee the realization of the right to education in the service of teaching-learning of students in relation to culture and Quilombola diversity. The guiding axes of this research include the conception of the modern state, citizenship, right to education, the Republican Democratic State and legal provisions mentioned above. The research has as time frame the years 2010-2012, period of direct observation and records of the school life of the students of the schools surveyed. The method consists of historical and dialectical materialism. The research consists of a qualitative and quantitative approach in the form of direct observation, non-participant, conducting semistructured interviews and content analysis. The subjects comprise seven (7) teachers, 33 (thirty-three) students and eight (8) parents of students. It was found that the right to education is recognized in the current Constitution as a fundamental social right of citizens. However, it is necessary to enforce this right in the everyday school attendance. It was observed that the history of Brazil in relation to public policies reproduces and reinforces the social and economic inequality and intensifies the processes of social and educational exclusion. The theoretical studies were fundamental to understand how to process these educational inequalities, as well as to recognize that the relation of power between state and society is materialized, mainly in education as a social dispute of ideological confrontations. So that education to be carried out as an element of citizenship, it s necessary to implement resources and organized institutions to offer a quality education. The categories analyzed in the investigation resulted in the following considerations: public policies directed to education in the Escolas Municipais Areia and Sucuri, in the elementary compulsory and free schools, do not meet the specific educational needs of a remaining Quilombola Community, nor the right to preservation and enhancement of cultural and sustainability of their territory. It´s then concluded that the right to education as an expression of citizenship is not effected in the schools surveyed. The grant of access to education is denied by the poor conditions of access, attendance and successful school results.