CONTRA TODA AUTORIDADE E HIERARQUIA BÍBLIA, TRADIÇÃO E HERMENÊUTICA DA LIBERTAÇÃO NA AMÉRICA LATINA

Abstract

This present research tried to elucidate the hermeneutics locus of bible reading organized by the liberation Latin American biblical movement. It's said that biblical hermeneutics Latin-American of liberation is a reflection of an intense breakage with a biblical hermeneutics of the classic Christian tradition that reproduced systematically a political theocracy and hierarchy frames of power which has its ballast entrenched in a canonic hermeneutics of the Scriptures that legitimated the material and spiritual conquest of the Amerindian civilization of the American continent. Due to the canonic instrumentalization of the Scriptures, which has its roots in a formative hierarchy of Christian bishops who manipulated and equipped the biblical traditions in order to create a certain view of knowledge and power, which was used to raise a political and sacerdotal theocracy, a political theological project was promoted and became the main inspiration to the warlike political and missionary expansionism of western Christianity. This political theological tradition determined the reading of the Bible in Latin America, characterizing itself as a reproduction of mental structures that turned sacred a sacerdotal and religious power which was important in the destruction and demonization of all symbolic structure of the native religion. Used as an instrument of spiritual conquest, the Bible became, often, a "monument of cruelty", read and interpreted based on the power of a Christendom characterized by its systematical attacks in order to "convert" the indians and their religion in the name of the Bible. In reaction to this wrong colonial hermeneutics, the Latin American biblical movement of liberation developed a deep critique of the biblical and ecclesiastic traditions, which, linked to the colonist political power, silenced the oppressed and the poor people who survived in the "oppressed cellars" of a colonial and theological culture. Crying expressions of an anti-conquest, the biblical hermeneutics of liberation argued deeply about the biblical reading based on power, weakening the control over the scriptures by the ecclesiastic dominion, attempting through hard work a historical reconstruction of popular traditions of Jewish-Christian sacred documents, affirming according to a liberation praxis the new ways of biblical hermeneutics which tried to rebuild the experiences of the oppressed in the Bible. , Unbuilding scriptural canons which were transferred by a colonial interpretative tradition promoting an unempowering of the Scriptures from ecclesial dominion, a biblical hermeneutics of liberation reread the bible by its reverse history, elaborating a biblical theology from the groans of resistance of the oppressed memories and excluded from history.